# GreyScienx series index ## Household Economics How household formation and early financial choices shape the cost of living, saving and lifetime financial resilience. - GSX:HH-001 [The Economics of Living Together](https://greyscienx.com/research/household-economics/economics-of-living-together) — How do early cohabitation, delayed cohabitation, and separate households compare in a Gauteng lifetime scenario? - GSX:HH-002 [The First Three Years Advantage](https://greyscienx.com/research/household-economics/the-first-three-years-advantage) — How can delaying rent and car ownership at the start of a career alter lifetime wealth? ## Population Futures Twelve connected studies of ageing, work, fertility, retirement, inheritance and fiscal pressure. - GSX:POP-001 [When Retirement Becomes Impossible](https://greyscienx.com/research/population-futures/when-retirement-becomes-impossible) — What are the demographic and financial limits of retirement at 60? - GSX:POP-002 [Today’s Unemployment Is Tomorrow’s Pension Crisis](https://greyscienx.com/research/population-futures/todays-unemployment-is-tomorrows-pension-crisis) — How does youth unemployment, followed across a lifetime, become old-age dependence? - GSX:POP-003 [Does Raising the Retirement Age Actually Work?](https://greyscienx.com/research/population-futures/does-raising-the-retirement-age-actually-work) — Does raising the retirement age still work once youth unemployment, productivity, and disability are taken into account? - GSX:POP-004 [The Politics of an Ageing Electorate](https://greyscienx.com/research/population-futures/the-politics-of-an-ageing-electorate) — How can voter age structure redirect spending and intergenerational transfers? - GSX:POP-005 [Emergency Ageing Austerity](https://greyscienx.com/research/population-futures/emergency-ageing-austerity) — Which policy packages for closing an ageing-related fiscal deficit are examined for lower welfare loss? - GSX:POP-006 [The Price of Another Child](https://greyscienx.com/research/population-futures/the-price-of-another-child) — When does fertility support become cheaper than financing demographic decline? - GSX:POP-007 [The Hundred-Year Life](https://greyscienx.com/research/population-futures/the-hundred-year-life) — How would education, work, housing, and family life be redesigned for lives of 100 to 120 years? - GSX:POP-008 [Inheritance After Retirement](https://greyscienx.com/research/population-futures/inheritance-after-retirement) — What is the economic difference when inheritance arrives at 40, 55, 70, or 85? - GSX:POP-009 [How to Shrink a Country Without Breaking It](https://greyscienx.com/research/population-futures/how-to-shrink-a-country-without-breaking-it) — What happens to housing, cities, and public infrastructure under population contraction? - GSX:POP-010 [The Scarce-Worker Economy](https://greyscienx.com/research/population-futures/the-scarce-worker-economy) — Can automation, productivity, and immigration substitute for missing workers? - GSX:POP-011 [The Population System](https://greyscienx.com/research/population-futures/the-population-system) — How do the population studies connect as one policy system? - GSX:POP-012 [Extreme Fiscal Pressure](https://greyscienx.com/research/population-futures/extreme-fiscal-pressure) — How could emergency government measures introduced in 2050 alter the population system? ## The R350 Counterfactual What South Africa might have built with the SRD budget—and what society would have lost by withholding it. - GSX:SRD-001 [The R350 Industrialisation Counterfactual](https://greyscienx.com/research/r350-counterfactual/the-r350-industrialisation-counterfactual) — What productive-capital alternative to repeated emergency cash transfers does the R350 counterfactual examine? - GSX:SRD-002 [The Welfare Cost of Not Paying the Grant](https://greyscienx.com/research/r350-counterfactual/the-welfare-cost-of-not-paying-the-grant) — What poverty, consumption, and social costs does the industrialisation counterfactual leave out when the grant is not paid? - GSX:SRD-003 [Consumption Today or Productive Capital Tomorrow?](https://greyscienx.com/research/r350-counterfactual/consumption-today-or-productive-capital-tomorrow) — What is the timing and distributional trade-off between relief today and productive capital tomorrow? - GSX:SRD-004 [The Public-Capital Multiplier](https://greyscienx.com/research/r350-counterfactual/the-public-capital-multiplier) — When do state-financed productive assets generate durable economic capacity? - GSX:SRD-005 [The R200 Billion Factory](https://greyscienx.com/research/r350-counterfactual/the-r200-billion-factory) — What industrial deployment does a scenario at the scale of the grant programme describe? ## Strategic Industrialisation Industrial systems that move South African mineral and capital capacity further up the value chain. - GSX:IND-001 [The South African Critical Minerals Industrial Complex](https://greyscienx.com/research/strategic-industrialisation/the-south-african-critical-minerals-industrial-complex) — How could South African mineral endowment be converted into industrial depth? - GSX:IND-002 [The Platinum-to-Hydrogen Economy](https://greyscienx.com/research/strategic-industrialisation/the-platinum-to-hydrogen-economy) — How can platinum reserves connect to a hydrogen industrial base? - GSX:IND-003 [The Manganese-to-Battery Economy](https://greyscienx.com/research/strategic-industrialisation/the-manganese-to-battery-economy) — What route runs from manganese extraction to higher-value battery production? - GSX:IND-004 [The Vanadium Grid-Storage Economy](https://greyscienx.com/research/strategic-industrialisation/the-vanadium-grid-storage-economy) — Can domestic grid storage anchor a vanadium industry? - GSX:IND-005 [The Capital-Goods Economy](https://greyscienx.com/research/strategic-industrialisation/the-capital-goods-economy) — What equipment, capabilities, and supplier networks sit behind durable industrialisation? - GSX:IND-006 [The Mineral Sovereign Wealth Fund](https://greyscienx.com/research/strategic-industrialisation/the-mineral-sovereign-wealth-fund) — What fiscal architecture converts exhaustible mineral resources into permanent public wealth? ## African Convergence South Africa’s economy, cities and industrial role in a substantially richer African continent. - GSX:AFR-001 [South Africa in a Richer Africa](https://greyscienx.com/research/african-convergence/south-africa-in-a-richer-africa) — What are the macroeconomic consequences for South Africa of broad African income convergence? - GSX:AFR-002 [Johannesburg as Africa’s Financial Capital](https://greyscienx.com/research/african-convergence/johannesburg-as-africas-financial-capital) — Under what conditions could Johannesburg finance a continent-scale economy? - GSX:AFR-003 [The Factory for African Urbanisation](https://greyscienx.com/research/african-convergence/the-factory-for-african-urbanisation) — How can South African production serve the infrastructure of African city growth? ## Wealth and Place How property, geography and inheritance carry economic advantage across generations. - GSX:WPL-001 [Inherited Geography](https://greyscienx.com/research/wealth-and-place/inherited-geography) — How does South Africa's unequal property geography continue to compound into differences in wealth?