The Vanadium Grid-Storage Economy

C01

Under the paper's central assumptions, vanadium redox flow batteries reach lifetime cost parity with lithium iron phosphate at about sixteen hours of duration.

GSX:IND-004:C01 · Modelled · Conditional · high sensitivity · Version 1.0

Depends on

A01Resource positionThe manuscript uses USGS figures of about 5,000 tonnes of South African vanadium production in 2025, roughly 4.5 percent of estimated world output, and about 520,000 tonnes of reported reserves, around 2.5 percent of the world total.low sensitivity

A02Central cost assumptionsLifetime cost parity is reported under the paper's central assumptions about lithium cost, cycling, interest rates and flow-battery performance.high sensitivity

Modelled results cited

R01Central cost comparisonUnder the central assumptions, lifetime cost parity with lithium iron phosphate appears at about sixteen hours.modelled

Registered supporting sources

The Vanadium Grid-Storage Economy · GSX:IND-004:PDF